>legalistic shi'ism was restricted to Iraq (the shia shrine cities and baghdad) and central iran (Rayy, Qom, and Kashan)
>everywhere else heterodox sects who followed or created all sorts of crazy ideas (hurufis - magic words, safavids - reincarnated spirits, etc) dominated
>the only common thread was that they all venerated the twelve imams so all had the same label applied to them
>the most heterodox sect among them the safavids (whose leader thinks he's a divine being) form an empire and then chooses the legalistic version as the state religion and proceed to emlinate and absord all the other sects
Man this is the craziest religious development I've read about. The only thing that can compete is Martin Luther being stumped when all those schizo protestant sects emerged during the height of the reformation and proceeding to team up with Catholics to take them down